第二讲 非谓语动词
1、 改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.
【答案】.think→thinking
【分析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。故将think改为thinking。
Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.
【答案】.think→thinking
【分析】 couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“不由自主做某事”，故将think改为thinking。
With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.
【答案】.filling→filled
【分析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补
In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.
【答案】.protect→protecting
【分析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。故将protect改为protecting
Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.
【答案】.Saw→Seeing
【分析】 see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用目前分词形式。
We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .
【答案】.being→be
【分析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真的的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形
I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.
【答案】.在want后加to
【分析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。故在want后加to。
It was very peaceful in the cool grass until we heard bells ring at the TOP of the hill.
【答案】.ring→ringing
【分析】hear sb./sth.doing sth.表示“听见某人/物正在做某事”，此处指“听见山顶的铃声正在响”。ring的动作正在进行，因此应用目前分词作宾补。
Second,we should be careful when made friends, especially online.
【答案】.made→making
【分析】when引导的时间状语从句中，省略了与主句相同的主语we和be动词，make与we之间为主动关系，因此用目前分词形式。从句可还原为when we are making friends。
10.After waiting for an hour,Katia went home, felt lonely and miserable.
【答案】.felt→feeling
【分析】句子的谓语是went home,故feel的动作是随着动作，与Katia之间是主动关系，故用目前分词作随着状语。
11. As we all know, we can meet with various challenges in our life. Facing with challenges, what should we do ?
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】be faced with sth.为固定使用方法，故将Facing改为Faced。主语we和动词face之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故也可删除 with。
12. Any student who is interested in it is welcome participate.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】 be welcome to do sth.意为“欢迎做某事”。
13. Second, seeing a film, listening to music or hang out with our friends will also be exciting. Third, we should take more exercise to keep healthy.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】剖析句子结构可知，谓语will also be前面的部分为主语，由 seeing a film, listening to music可以判断，hang out with our friends与它们为并列关系，也应当用动名词形式。此处表示看电影、听音乐或者和大家的朋友出去玩也会让人非常开心。
14. What's more, we'd better to review what we have learned at school.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】句意：而且，大家最好复习一下大家在学校所学的常识。had better...意为“最好……”，后接动词原形。
15. If you know more about them, you will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt . They can make you to gain weight and become sick .
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】英语中三大使役动词make,let,have后接省略to的不定式。
16. I also noticed that they always seemed to dress well , and always had their hair and make-up do.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】 have sth.done为固定结构，表示"让某事被做”。该句中的their hair and make-up和动词do是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。
17.Say our goodbyes, we separated.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】此处两个分句中间无连接词，故有一处为非谓语。句意：道别之后，大家分开了。Say的逻辑主语是we,它们之间是主谓关系，用动词-ing作状语。
18.Near my house there is a river measured eleven meters deep.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】在句中measure作“量度为”讲是系动词，不需要被动语态，故用动词-ing作定语。句意：我家附近有一条十一米深的河。
19.I have an MP3 in which I have stored hundreds of pieces of music and songs downloading from the Internet.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】句中music and songs与download之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
20 . I wished he could know we were just trying help him .
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】句意：我期望他能了解大家只不过在尽力帮助他try to do sth.为固定搭配，意为"尽力做某事";try doing sth.意为"尝试做某事"。
21. I'm glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】句意：听到你正在考虑和彼得和好，我非常高兴。consider doing"考虑做",是固定使用方法。
22. I'm sure with our efforts, more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.
【答案】; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【分析】be concerned about意为"关心",是固定搭配。concerning一般作介词，表示"关于"。
23.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】shout→shouting
【分析】句意：我感到很气愤，以至于拦住司机后一直朝他粗鲁地大喊。keep on doing sth.一直做某事；持续做某事。
24.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】provide前加to
【分析】句意：我写信给你提供些有关信息。本句谓语动词为目前进行时态，其后应该用不定式短语作目的状语，故加不定式符号to。
25.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】listen→listening
【分析】句意：我弟弟喜欢听音乐，因此他常常借唱片。enjoy后接动名词作宾语，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。
26.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】listen→listening
【分析】句意：为了提升英语，我天天花费两个小时听英语节目。spend sth.doing sth.为固定结构，意为“花费（时间）做某事”。
27.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】hoped→hoping
【分析】句意：大家还和他们做游戏，期望能为他们做更多的事情。剖析句子结构可知，“期望……”在句中作随着状语，由于主语we与hope之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用目前分词作状语。
28.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】allowed→allowing
【分析】剖析句子结构可知，逗号之后为状语，playing games与allow之间有逻辑上的主动关系，故用目前分词作状语。
29.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】eat→eating
【分析】介词by后应该用动名词作宾语，故改动词原形eat为动名词。
30.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】visiting→visited
【分析】句意：这类年，我去了附近城市旅游，也去了诸如上海、北京之类的旅游人数较多的城市游览。visit与cities之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
31.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】buy→buying
【分析】句意：当我跟从大众时，最后就可能买自己事实上无需的东西。end up doing sth.最后做某事。
32.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】tell→telling
【分析】句意：大家在广场集合，然后给过路人发传单，告诉他们环保的重要程度。主语We与tell之间为主动关系，故用目前分词作随着状语。
33.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】like后加to
【分析】句意：大家开心时，就想与别人推荐大家的快乐，让他们也知道大家的愉快。would like to do sth.想做某事；想做某事。would like 后用不定式作宾语。
34.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】finding→find
【分析】句意：她设法找到了一份在茶楼当员工的工作。manage后接不定式作宾语，manage to do sth.设法做成某事。
35.; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">【答案】laugh→laughing
【分析】句意：大家在和老大家一块包饺子，有说有笑。主语we与laugh之间为主动关系，故用目前分词作随着状语
短文改错
I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral presentation from my memory, for reading from the paper wasn't allowing. The real moment began before I stood on the platform with my legs trembling or my mind blank.But my listeners were waiting patient. Gradually, I found me back,giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before a big audience had disappeared. Actually, now I've become a great speaker!
【答案】
第一处：在speech前加a speech作“演讲”讲时，为可数名词，其前应加ao.
第二处：to→on/upon fix on/upon为固定搭配，意为“（眼神或注意力）集中于……上”。故将to改为on或upon。
第三处：删除more或choice→choices或more→other have no choice but...为固定结构，意为“除去……别无选择”，故删除more;也可理解为choice为可数名词，前有no more修饰，故应用复数形式；或将more改为other也符合句意。
第四处：allowing→allowed依据句意可知，读稿子上的内容是不允许的，主语reading from the paper与动词allow之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故将allowing改为allowed。
第五处：before→when/as/after依据句意可知，站在台上的那一刻“我”的双腿开始抖，大脑一片空白；或者理解为
我站上台之后（after)”；before不符合逻辑。
第六处：or→and 依据语境，上台之后，由于紧张，“双腿发抖”和“大脑空白”应为并列关系，故将or改为and。
第七处：patient→patiently此处应该用patient的副词形式修饰动词。第八处：me→myself I found myself back表示“我感觉自己找回了状况”，myself强调自己。故将me改为myself。
第九处：speak→speaking of为介词，其后若接动词，应用动名词。故将speak改为speaking
第十处：had→has依据时间状语Ever since then; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">
Dear Jack,
I'd like to introduce you what has happened to the transportation in our city.
Firstly, great changes have been taken place to the transportation inside the city, which makes it convenient for citizens to get around. Some narrowly streets have been broadened, but there are less traffic jams. Secondly,transportation to other city has also improved. Several highways were under construction, and two high-speed railways connected our city to the national high-speed railway web are close to completion. At that time, the travel time in Beijing will be reduced to three hours. What deserve to be mentioned is that an airport has been in use for several years, making your city more and more popular.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
第一处：在you后加to introduce sb.to sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人第一次接触某物”，故在you后加to。
第二处：删除been take place无被动语态，因此此处应用主动语态，故删除been。
第三处：narrowly→narrow修饰名词应用形容词，故将narrowly改为narrow。
第四处：but→so/and前面“狭窄的路变宽”和后面“降低了交通堵塞”为因果关系或顺承关系，应用so或and,故将but改为
so/and。
第五处：city→cities other意为“其他的”，其后应接名词复数形式，表示作者家乡以外的其他城市，故将city改为cities。
第六处：were→are依据上下文语境及and后分句中系动词are的时态可知，本句应用一般目前时，故将were改为are。
第七处：connected→connecting are为and后并列分句的系动词，connect与其之间无连词，应用非谓语动词形式作定语，修饰名词railways,且connect与railways之间为主动关系，应用目前分词，故将connected改为connecting。
第八处：in→to 此处表示“到北京的行程时间”，应用介词to,故将in改为to。
第九处：deserve→deserves动词deserve在此处为主语从句的谓语动词，主语从句中的主语为What,为单数定义，谓语动词deserve应用第三人称单数形式，故将deserve改为deserves。
第十处：your→our/the 通读全文可知，作者以第一人称讲述自己家乡的交通状况，此处代词应与前文的our维持一致，也可用定冠词the特指前面作者提到的我们的家乡，故将your改为our/the。
